Energy efficiency is no longer optional—it is the backbone of industrial competitiveness in India. As fuel prices continue to rise and sustainability requirements become stricter, industries across India are shifting toward Waste Heat Recovery Boilers (WHRBs) to reduce energy cost, increase process efficiency, and minimize carbon emissions.

But there’s a major challenge:

Every industry generates different types of waste heat—at different temperatures, dust levels, pressures, and chemical compositions.

This means:

  • One WHRB system can never fit every plant

  • Industries require custom-designed WHR boilers

  • Selecting the wrong type leads to poor efficiency, corrosion, and frequent maintenance

  • Selecting the right WHRB can save energy worth crores of rupees every year

That is why Cheema Boilers Mohali, one of the leading waste heat recovery boiler manufacturers in India, provides multiple WHRB designs tailored to each industry’s heat source and production requirements.

What Makes Every WHRB Type Different? (Technical Logic)

What Makes Every WHRB Type Different? (Technical Logic)​

Before understanding WHRB types, it is crucial to know what makes them different.
Four factors determine the WHRB design:

1️⃣ Temperature of Exhaust Gas

  • Low-temperature heat (< 250°C)

  • Medium-temperature heat (250–600°C)

  • High-temperature heat (600–1,000°C)

2️⃣ Dust Content in Exhaust

  • Clean gas

  • Light dust load

  • Medium dust load

  • High dust load (cement, steel, sponge iron)

3️⃣ Pressure & Steam Requirements

  • Low-pressure industrial steam

  • Medium-pressure plant operations

  • High-pressure power generation steam

4️⃣ Industry Process Characteristics

  • Continuous or batch

  • Stable or fluctuating temperature

  • Corrosive gas composition

Cheema Boilers designs WHRB solutions based on these exact conditions.

Major Types of Waste Heat Recovery Boilers

Below are the industry-standard WHRB categories used across India, manufactured and supplied by Cheema Boilers Mohali.

TYPE 1: Water Tube Waste Heat Recovery Boiler

✔ Ideal For:

  • Cement plants

  • Steel & sponge iron plants

  • Gas turbine HRSG

  • Petrochemical plants

  • Power generation

✔ Description

In a water tube WHRB, water circulates through tubes while hot waste gases pass over them. This allows:

  • High heat absorption

  • High pressure handling

  • Fast steam generation

  • Long operational life

✔ Advantages

  • Can handle extremely high temperatures

  • Suitable for dusty and corrosive gases

  • Generates high-pressure steam (up to 100 bar)

  • Ideal for WHRB power plants

  • Low maintenance

✔ Applications

  • Rotary kiln exhaust

  • EAF furnace exhaust

  • Gas turbine exhaust

  • Coke oven gases

  • Refinery heater exhaust

✔ Why this type?

Large Indian plants prefer water tube WHRB because of efficiency, safety, and power generation capacity.

TYPE 2: Fire Tube Waste Heat Recovery Boiler

✔ Ideal For:

  • Small to medium industries

  • Chemical plants

  • Food processing

  • Textile units

  • Pharma units

✔ Description

Hot gases flow through tubes while water surrounds them.

✔ Advantages

  • Compact

  • Low cost

  • Easy to maintain

  • Suitable for low-to-medium temperature waste heat

  • Quick installation

✔ Limitations

  • Cannot handle high dust

  • Not suitable for very high pressures

  • Lower efficiency than water tube WHRB in large plants

    TYPE 3: Horizontal WHRB

    ✔ Ideal For:

    • Chemical plants

    • Petrochemical units

    • Fertilizer industries

    • Refineries

    ✔ Description

    Gas flows horizontally through banks of tubes. Helps increase residence time and heat absorption.

    ✔ Advantages

    • Excellent thermal efficiency

    • Easy cleaning of dust

    • Ideal for medium dust load

    • Long heat transfer path

    TYPE 4: Vertical WHRB

    ✔ Ideal For:

    • Cement plants

    • Steel & DRI kilns

    • Space-restricted plants

    ✔ Description

    Gas flows vertically downward through tube banks.

    ✔ Advantages

    • Reduced footprint

    • Better handling of heavy dust

    • Natural dust separation

    • Minimal erosion

    ✔ Why industries choose vertical WHRB?

    Because dust naturally settles downward, leading to less tube erosion and longer life.

    TYPE 5: Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)

    ✔ Ideal For:

    • Gas turbine power plants

    • Co-generation plants

    • Combined-cycle plants

    • Independent power producers

    ✔ Description

    This WHRB converts gas turbine exhaust (500–650°C) into high-pressure steam for power generation.

    ✔ Advantages

    • High efficiency

    • Multi-pressure level steam

    • Large power output

    • Very stable operation

    ✔ Why choose HRSG?

    If your plant has a gas turbine, HRSG is mandatory for achieving power generation economy.

    TYPE 6: Hybrid Waste Heat Recovery Boiler

    ✔ Ideal For:

    Industries with fluctuating temperature or irregular waste heat availability:

    • Chemical reactors

    • Batch furnaces

    • Glass melting

    • Petrochemical heaters

    • Small steel mills

    ✔ Description

    A hybrid WHRB uses:

    • Waste heat plus

    • Auxiliary fuel firing

    ✔ Advantages

    • Constant steam supply

    • Zero production interruptions

    • High reliability

    • Flexible fuel options

    ✔ Why is it popular?

    Many Indian plants face process instability; hybrid WHRB ensures uninterrupted steam.

    TYPE 7: Super-Critical WHRB

    ✔ Ideal For:

    • Large refineries

    • Fertilizer plants

    • Power producers

    • Lignite-based plants

    ✔ Description

    A very advanced WHRB that generates supercritical steam > 221 bar.

    ✔ Advantages

    • Highest efficiency

    • Suitable for mega energy-intensive systems

    • Used in high-end industries

    ✔ Note

    One of the most advanced technologies used in India—Cheema Boilers provides custom design services for this category.

    TYPE 8: Dust & Slag Handling WHRB (Specialized)

    ✔ Ideal For:

    • Cement

    • Steel

    • Sponge iron

    • Non-ferrous metals

    ✔ Description

    Designed with advanced dust separation, slag arrestors, and erosion resistance.

    ✔ Advantages

    • Handles extremely dirty gases

    • Very long lifespan

    • Reduced downtime

    • Safe operations

How to Choose the Right WHRB for Your Industry (Cheema Boilers Selection Method)

How to Choose the Right WHRB for Your Industry (Cheema Boilers Selection Method)​

Cheema Boilers Mohali uses a 7-Step WHRB Selection Framework:

STEP 1: Identify the Heat Source

  • Kiln

  • Furnace

  • Gas turbine

  • Engine

  • Reformer

  • Dryer

  • Chemical exothermic process

STEP 2: Measure Exhaust Gas Temperature

  • <250°C → Economizer / Low-temp WHRB

  • 250–600°C → Medium WHRB

  • 600–1000°C → High WHRB

  • 1000°C → Special refractory-lined WHRB

STEP 3: Analyze Dust Load

  • Cement & DRI kilns → High dust WHRB

  • Engines & turbines → Clean gas HRSG

  • Refineries → Medium dust

STEP 4: Steam Pressure Requirement

  • 10–20 bar → Industrial steam

  • 30–45 bar → Power + steam

  • 60–100 bar → Power generation

  • 100 bar → Super-critical

STEP 5: Determine Steam Flow (TPH)

Cheema Boilers calculates:

  • Heat available

  • Efficiency

  • Gas velocity

  • Fouling factor

  • Boiler geometry

To determine TPH output.

STEP 6: Material Selection

  • Carbon steel

  • Alloy steel

  • Inconel

  • Refractory lining

  • Erosion-resistant tubes

STEP 7: Budget and ROI Assessment

WHRB selection depends on:

  • Operational cost savings

  • Investment budget

  • Expected ROI

  • Space availability

Cheema Boilers provides plant owners with a detailed cost-benefit analysis.

Industry-Wise WHRB Recommendation (Which Type You Need)

With 30+ years of experience, Cheema Boilers has created the following WHRB selection guide:

A. Cement Plants

Best WHRB Type:

  • Vertical water tube WHRB

  • AQC WHRB

  • PH WHRB

Why?

  • Handles heavy dust

  • High temperature

  • Robust tubes

  • Long life

B. Steel & Sponge Iron Plants

Best WHRB Type:

  • Waste gas boiler (kiln-based)

  • Vertical high-dust WHRB

  • Water tube WHRB

Why?

  • Dust, char, ash—needs rugged design

  • High-temperature (700–950°C)

C. Refineries & Petrochemicals

Best WHRB Type:

  • Horizontal WHRB

  • Hybrid WHRB

  • HRSG (for turbines)

Why?

  • Moderate dust

  • High temperature

  • Stable process

D. Gas Turbine & Engine Power Plants

Best WHRB Type:

  • HRSG

Why?

  • Extremely clean gas

  • High flow

  • Perfect for power generation

E. Chemical & Fertilizer Industries

Best WHRB Type:

  • Horizontal WHRB

  • Hybrid WHRB

Why?

  • Fluctuating processes

  • Medium temperature

F. Glass, Aluminium, Copper & Non-Ferrous Industries

Best WHRB Type:

  • Vertical WHRB

  • Fire tube WHRB (small units)

G. Textile, Paper & Food Processing

Best WHRB Type:

  • Fire tube WHRB

  • Economizer-type WHRB

H. Pharma & Small Chemical Units

Best WHRB Type:

  • Low-temperature WHRB

  • Small fire tube WHRB

Why Cheema Boilers Mohali Is the Best WHRB Manufacturer for Custom Requirements

Why Cheema Boilers Mohali Is the Best WHRB Manufacturer for Custom Requirements​

Cheema Boilers Limited (CBL) is recognized as one of the top industrial boiler manufacturers in Punjab for a reason:

✔ Industry-specific designs

✔ Superior thermal efficiency

✔ Long lifecycle boilers

✔ Minimal maintenance

✔ High-pressure capability

✔ Custom engineering for harsh Indian conditions

✔ Complete turnkey WHRB solutions

✔ Timely installation & commissioning

✔ Dedicated after-sales & service team

With hundreds of installations across India, Cheema Boilers is trusted by major brands in:

  • Cement

  • Steel

  • Power

  • Chemical

  • Fertilizer

  • Food

  • Non-ferrous metals

Mistakes Industries Make While Choosing a WHRB (Avoid These)

❌ Choosing low-cost suppliers

Leads to corrosion, leakage, tube erosion.

❌ Not measuring dust load

Poor design = constant cleaning issues.

❌ Ignoring thermal mass flow

Results in low steam generation.

❌ Selecting wrong WHRB type

Can lose 30–50% heat recovery potential.

❌ Not planning WHRB with future expansion in mind

Industries often grow—WHRB must support that growth.

Cheema Boilers Mohali helps plants avoid all these mistakes with expert feasibility studies.

Conclusion

Every industry generates heat—but only the smartest industries recover it.

Choosing the right WHRB type is one of the most important decisions for an industrial plant in India. With rising fuel prices and competitive pressures, industries cannot afford to waste thermal energy that they already produce.

From cement kilns to steel furnaces, from turbines to chemical reactors—there is a specialized WHRB type for every process.

And the best part?

With a properly engineered WHRB from Cheema Boilers Mohali, industries save:

  • Fuel cost

  • Electricity cost

  • Maintenance cost

  • Cooling cost

  • Environmental penalties

while increasing:

  • Production efficiency

  • Plant reliability

  • Overall profitability

If your industry is planning to install a WHRB, Cheema Boilers offers the most accurate waste heat recovery system design, highest efficiency, and best-in-class engineering in India.

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